Archive for the 'Botany' Category

Carl Linneaus

1 Linnaeus Lapland Sm2-1 Carl Linnaeus was born on May 23, 1707, three hundred and three years ago today. His system for naming plants transformed their classification. But it was his love for plants that gave him the impetus to organize their names consistently. In Sweden, three botanical gardens are maintained in his name.

There’s a nice biography at Plant Explorers, a worthy read for today. In that article we learn, among many other interesting details of his life, that he adopted the clothing of the Lapps as his field working clothes. He liked them so much that he had his portrait painted while wearing them. In this portrait, he is holding in his right hand his favorite flower, the Twin-flower, Linnaea borealis.

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Darwin’s Day

In celebration of the 200th birthdays of both Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln, the sandpaper plant burst forth in bloom again today, this time attracting a new beetle.

New Beetle

The image is not as well focused as I would like, but the beetle appeared and then disappeared, never to be seen again. So this is what I got.

The other beetles, the weevils that I saw last year and also two weeks ago, returned, as did the bees. This time all insects were in much greater number – probably a thousand bees at this one plant by 7:30 in the morning. I had a harder time estimating the beetles, but there were easily twice the number that there were two weeks ago.

I do not expect this plant to produce more profuse blooms this season. Now is the time to gather all my notes and try to make sense of what went on.

In a much more humble celebration today, I launched another blog, The Accidental Botanist, where I can ramble on about plant things that are unrelated to our neotropical savanna.

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Environment and Photosynthesis

How global warming or other stresses in the environment might affect plants is still poorly understood. The current online issue of Annals of Botany is devoted to how stresses affect photosynthesis, and thus the entire plant.

From the Preface:

Photosynthesis is central to all aspects of plant biology as the provider of energy and assimilates for growth and reproduction, yet how it is regulated by abiotic stresses, such as salinity and water deficits, and by biotic stresses, such as insect herbivory, is still unclear.

Every article can be read in its entirety for free. (It is the custom for academic journals to require a subscription or at least an online purchase before you can read the entire article. Abstracts are usually shown for free.) Here’s a wonderful opportunity to see the latest thinking about what happens to plants under, say, the stress of drought and salt. Something to get your teeth into.

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Bamboo Orchid, Arundina graminifolia

What you see on the left are a stand of what we call soil orchids, some of which have been beaten to the ground by heavy rains, and on the right a stand of robust Curcuma (locally, resurrection plant) leaves. The orchids have been straining toward the light for some time – we had no idea the Curcuma would cast so much shade when we planted it there – and the rains just helped them plunge on down to the ground.

1 Fallen Orchids

The orchid stems can grow to 3 meters tall, and the flowers are at the very top, so their gradual leaning over the past week or so gave me the chance to take some images of the lovely flowers.

2 Arundina Flower

Panama is home to no doubt hundreds of species of native orchids, and Potrerillos has a particularly fine climate for them, but the first orchid I decide to write about, this one, was introduced from Asia! My excuse is that this orchid is highly conspicuous, being very popular as a cultivated plant. It’s been introduced to Puerto Rico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and Panama, according to wikipedia, for this purpose. I had to wonder what the chances were that it would become an invasive plant.

If you don’t live in our neighborhood, and you’ve seen these orchids, you may very well know them as “bamboo orchids.” They are reminiscent of bamboo, with their reedy stems, formation of large clumps, and fairly tall size. Their scientific name is Arundina gramnifolia.

  • Arundina comes from the Latin arundo, meaning reed,
  • and gramnifolia means grass-like leaves (botanary).

So let’s take a closer look at these reedy stems and grass-like leaves. Read more »

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