References

Plant Books (Titles of several books have links to amazon where you will find more information on the book. Download an extensive, annotated, list of plant books here.)

1. Allaby, Michael. 1992 [2006 edition]. A Dictionary of Plant Sciences (Oxford Paperback Reference). Oxford University Press. 484 pp. and appendices
2. Barwick, Margaret. 2004. Tropical and Subtropical Trees: An Encyclopedia. Timber Press. Portland, Oregon. 484 pp.
3. Carrasquilla R., Luis G. 2005. Trees and Shrubs of Panama [Árboles y Arbustos de Panamá]. University of Panama/National Environmental Authority [Universidad de Panamá/Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente]. 479 pp.
4. D’Arcy, W.G. 1987. Flora of Panama. Checklist and Index. Part I: The Introduction and Checklist. Missouri Botanical Garden. St. Louis, Missouri. 325 pp and Appendices.
5. D’Arcy, W.G. 1987. Flora of Panama. Checklist and Index. Part II: Index. Missouri Botanical Garden. St. Louis, Missouri. 670 pp and Appendices.
6. Dwyer, J.D. 1980. Flora of Panama, Part IX. Family 179. Rubiaceae. 67(1):1-255 and (2):257-522.
7. Elias, T.S. 1968. Flora of Panama, Part VI. Family 112. Vitaceae. Ann. Mo Bot. Garden. 55(2):81-92.
8. Elpel, Thomas J. 2004. Botany in a Day: The Patterns Method of Plant Identification. HOPS Press. Pony, Montana. 221 pp.
9. Forsyth, Adrian, and K. Miyata. 1984. Tropical Nature: Life and Death in the Rain Forests of Central and South America. Charles Scribners’ Sons. New York. 249 pp.
10. Gentry, Alwyn H. 1993. A Field Guide to the Families and Genera of Woody Plants of Northwest South America : (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) : With Supplementary Notes on Herbaceous Taxa. University of Chicago Press. 895 pp.
11. Hallé, Francis. 1999. In Praise of Plants. Timber Press, Portland, OR. 334 pp.
12. Harris, J.G., and M.W. Harris. 2004. Plant Identification Terminology: An Illustrated Glossary. Spring Lake Publishing, Utah, 206 pp.
13. Janzen, D.H. 1975. Ecology of Plants in the Tropics (Studies in Biology). United Kingdom, no. 58. 66 pp, 4 plates.
14. Janzen, D. H., and Martin, P. S. 1982. Neotropical anachronisms: The fruits the gomphotheres ate. Science, 215, 19-27.
15. Keller, Roland. 2004. Identification of Tropical Woody Plants in the Absence of Flowers and Fruits: A Field Guide Birkhäuser Verlag. Berlin. 294 pp + plates.
16. Kricher, John. 1997. A Neotropical Companion: An Introduction to the Animals, Plants, and Ecosystems of the New World Tropics 2nd Ed. Princeton University Press. 451 pp.
17. Maas, P.J.M., and L.Y.Th. Westra. 2005. Neotropical Plant Families. 3rd edition. A.R.G. Gantner Verlog K.G. 358 pp.
18. Mabberley, D.J. 1997. The Plant-Book: A Portable Dictionary of the Vascular Plants. 2nd Ed. Cambridge University Press. 858 pp.
19. Michener, M. C. 2004. Graminoids: A guide to some common grasses, sedges, and rushes of he northeastern USA. (Interactive PDF document). MIST Software Associates, Inc., Hollis, NH. 128 pp.
20. Ridgely, R.S., and J.A. Gwynne, Jr. 1989. A Guide to the Birds of Panama With Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Honduras (Second Edition). Princeton University Press. 534 pp.
21. Woodson, R.E. Jr. 1936. Studies in the Apocynaceae. IV. The American Genera of Echitoideae (Concluded). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 23: 169-438.
22. Woodson, R.E. Jr., et al. 1975. Flora of Panama. Part IX. Family 184. Compositae. Ann. Mo. Bot. Garden,  62(4): 835-1321.
23. Woodson, R.E. Jr., et al. 1976. Flora of Panama. Part VI. Family 108. Sapindaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden Press.
24. Zamora V., Nelson, et al. 2004. Trees of Costa Rica, Vol. III (In Spanish and English). INBio, San Pedro, Costa Rica. 556 pp.
25. Zimmerman, K., et al. 2007. Flowering and fruiting phenologies of seasonal and aseasonal neotropical forests: the role of annual changes in irradiance. Journal of Tropical Ecology. 23:231-251.
26. Zuchowski, Willow. 2005. A Guide to Tropical Plants of Costa Rica. Distribuidores Zona Tropical, S.A., Miami, FL. 529 pp.

Online Plant ID Resources

• The annotated list of online plant ID resources is a sub page to this References page.